1920
From Bvio.com
1920 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar)
Contents |
Events
January
- January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk.
- January 9 - Britain announces it will build 100,000 homes for war veterans.
- January 10 - League of Nations holds its first meeting and ratifies the Treaty of Versailles ending World War I.
- January 15 - Prohibition goes into effect.
- January 16 - Allies demand that Netherlands extradite German Kaiser who has fled there.
- January 19 - The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
- January 23 - Netherlands refuses to extradite the German Kaiser.
- January 28 - The Spanish legion is founded and stationed in North Africa to fight rebels in Morocco.
- January 28 - Turkey gives up Ottoman empire and non-turkish areas.
February
- February 1 - The Royal Canadian Mounted Police begin operations.
- February 2 - Estonia declares its independence from Russia.
- February 2 - France occupies Memel.
- February 9 - League of Nations gives Spitzbergen to Norway.
- February 10 - Jozef Haller de Hallenburg performs symbolic engagement of Poland with the sea, celebrating restitution of Polish access to open sea.
- February 17 - Woman named Anna Anderson tries to commit suicide in Berlin and is taken to mental hospital, where she claims she is Anastasia.
- February 14 - The League of Women Voters is founded in Chicago, Illinois.
- February 22 - In Emeryville, California, the first dog race track to employ an imitation rabbit opens.
- February 24 - Adolf Hitler presents his national socialist program in Munich.
March
- March - World's first peaceful establishment of a social democratic government takes place in Sweden. Hjalmar Branting takes over when [[Nils Ed�n]] resigns.
- March 1 - Hungarian Admiral and statesman [[Mikl�s Horthy]] becomes the Regent of Hungary
- March 1 - The United States Railroad Administration returns control of American railroads to its constituent railroad companies.
- March 13-March 17 - Wolfgang Kapp fails in his coup attempt in Germany due to public resistance and a general strike.
- March 15 ? Red Army of Ruhr, communist army 60.000 men strong, formed
- March 19 - US Congress refuses to ratify Versailles Treaty.
- March 23 - Admiral Horthy declares that Hungary is a monarchy without anyone on the throne.
- March 26 - German government asks France for permission to use its own troops against rebellious Ruhr Red Army in the French-occupied area.
- March 26 - The Black and Tans special constables arrive in Ireland
- March 29 - Sir William Robertson, who enlisted in 1877, becomes a field marshal in the British Army, the first man to rise to this rank from private
- March 31 - Government of Ireland Act 1920 is presented in British parliament.
April
- April 2 - German army marches to Ruhr to fight Red Ruhr Army.
- April 4 - Jerusalem pogrom of April, 1920 ? Violence between Arabic and Jewish resident in Jerusalem ? governor declares the state of siege
- April 6 - French troops occupy Frankfurt.
- April 19 - Germany and Bolshevist Russia agree to the exchange of prisoners of war.
- April 23 - National council in Turkey denounces the government of sultan Mehmed VI and announces a temporary constitution.
- April 24 - Polish-Soviet War: Polish and Ukrainian troops attack Soviet army occupying Ukraine.
May
- May 7 - Polish-Soviet War: Polish troops occupy Kyiv. Ukrainian government returns to the city.
- May 16 - Referendum in Switzerland is favorable to joining League of Nations.
- May 16 - In Rome, Pope Benedict XV canonizes Joan of Arc as a saint.
- May 17 - French and Belgian troops leave the cities they have occupied in Germany.
- May 17 - First flight of KLM, Dutch air company, from Amsterdam to London.
- May 27 - Thomas Masaryk becomes president of Czechoslovakia.
- May 29 - Great Horncastle flood. 20 people killed.
- May 30 - Jeanne d'Arc is canonized.
June
- June 4 - Treaty of Trianon, Treaty of Peace between The Allied and Hungary.
- June 12 - Polish-Soviet War: Red Army retakes Kyiv.
- June 15 - New border treaty between Germany and Denmark gives northern Schleswig to Denmark.
- June 22 - Greece attacks Turkish troops.
July
- July 1 ? Germany declares its neutrality in the war between Poland and Soviet Russia
- July 2 - Polish-Soviet War: Red Army continues offensive into Poland.
- July 10 - Arthur Meighen becomes Canada's ninth prime minister.
- July 12 - Bolshevist Russia recognizes independent Lithuania.
- July 13 - London County Council bars foreigners from council jobs.
- July 14 ? France declares that Faisal I of Syria is deposed and occupies Damascus and Aleppo
- July 22 - Polish-Soviet War: Poland sues for peace with Bolshevist Russia.
- July 25 - First transatlantic two-way radio broadcast.
August
- August 2 - British parliament passes bill to restore order in Ireland, suspending jury trials.
- August 3 - Catholics riot in Belfast.
- August 10 - Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI's representatives signs the Treaty of Sevres.
- August 11 - Bolshevik Russia recognizes independent Estonia and Latvia.
- August 13 - August 25 - Polish-Soviet War: The Red Army is defeated in the Battle of Warsaw.
- August 15 - Town Hall of Templemore, Ireland, is burned down during the riots.
- August 18 - 19th Amendment to US constitution is passed, guaranteeing women's suffrage.
- August 20 - The first commercial radio station in the United States, 8MK (WWJ), begins operations in Detroit, Michigan.
September
- September 8 - Gabriele D'Annunzio declares Fiume a free state.
- September 16 - Bomb in a horse wagon explodes before the J.P.Morgan building in New York City - 31 dead
- September 22 - Flying Squad formed in London Metropolitan Police.
- September 29 - First domestic radio sets come to stores in USA – Westinghouse radio costs $10.
- September 29 - Adolf Hitler's makes first public political speech, in Austria.
October
- October 9 ? Polish troops take Vilnius
- October 10 - The outwitted Carinthian Plebiscite, where Slovenia loses a larger part of Carinthia province.
- October 12 - Polish-Soviet War After Polish army captures Tarnopol, Dubno, Minsk, and Dryssa, the ceasefire is enforced.
- October 18 ? Thousands of unemployed demonstrate in London ? 50 injured
November
- November 2 - Warren G. Harding defeats James M. Cox in the U.S. presidential election, the first national U.S. election in which women have the right to vote.
- November 2 - In the United States, KDKA AM of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (owned by Westinghouse) starts broadcasting as a commercial radio station. The first broadcast was the results of the U.S. presidential election, 1920.
- November 11 - Unknown Soldier buried in Westminster Abbey.
- November 15 - In Geneva, the first assembly of the League of Nations is held.
- November 17 - Council of League of Nations accepts the constitution of Danzig free state.
- November 21 - Bloody Sunday - British forces open fire on spectators and players during a Football match in Dublin's Croke Park, following the assassinations of 12 British agents.
December
- December 1 ? Alvaro Obregon becomes a president of Mexico
- December 5 - Referendum in Greece is favorable to reinstatement of monarchy.
- December 11 - Martial law in Ireland.
- December 16 - Finland joins the League of Nations.
- December 16 - 8.6 Richter scale Earthquake causes landslide in Gansu province, China - 180.000 dead.
- December 23 - United Kingdom and France ratify the border between French-held Syria and British-held Palestine.
Undated
- Number of US Americans move to Paris to escape the Prohibition
- France prohibits selling of contraceptives.
- Roman Ungern von Sternberg conquers Urga and declares himself as a ruler of Mongolia.
- Kurd rebellion in Turkey begins.
- Johnny Torrio invites Al Capone to Chicago from New York.
Births
- January 1 - Virgilio Savona, Italian singer and songwriter (Quartetto Cetra)
- January 2 - Isaac Asimov, author (d. 1992)
- January 3 - Renato Carosone, Italian musician and singer (d. 2001)
- January 6 - Early Wynn, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1999)
- January 6 - Sun Myung Moon, evangelist
- January 19 - [[Javier P�rez de Cu�llar]], United Nations Secretary General
- January 20 - Federico Fellini, Italian film director (d. 1993)
- January 20 - DeForest Kelley, actor (d. 1999)
- January 20 - John O'Connor, Cardinal of New York City (d. 2000)
- January 23 - Ray Abrams, tenor saxophonist
- January 23 - Gottfried B�hm, architect
- January 27 - Frankie Albert, US football star (d. 2002)
- January 30 - Delbert Mann, director
- January 31 - Paul Warnke, diplomat (d. 2001)
- February 7 - An Wang, computer pioneer (d. 1990)
- February 8 - Lana Turner, actress (d. 1995)
- February 11 - Billy Halop, actor.
- February 11 - Daniel Francis Galouye, US science fiction author
- February 11 - Farouk I, last King of Egypt (1936-1952) (d. 1965)
- February 11 - Paul Peter Piech, artist (d. 1996)
- February 12 - William Roscoe Estep, Baptist historian and professor of Church history emeritus at Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary (d. 2000)
- February 17 - Ivo Caprino, Norwegian animated film director (d. 2001)
- February 18 - Bill Cullen, game show host (d. 1990)
- February 18 - Jack Palance, actor
- February 18 – Eddie Slovik, private, U.S. Army (d. 1945)
- February 26 - Tony Randall, actor (The Odd Couple) (d. 2004)
- February 29 - Howard Nemerov, winner of the Pulitzer Prize (d. 1991)
- March 3 - Ronald Searle, illustrator
- March 3 - James Doohan, actor
- March 14 - Hank Ketcham, cartoonist (Dennis the Menace) (d. 2001)
- March 15 - Lawrence Sanders, novelist (d. 1998)
- March 16 - Leo McKern, actor (d. 2002)
- March 17 - Mujibur Rahman, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (d. 1975)
- March 19 - Kjell Aukrust, Norwegian author (d. 2002)
- March 25 - Arthur Wint, Jamaican runner (d. 1992)
- April 1 - Toshir� Mifune, actor (d. 1997)
- April 2 - Jack Webb, actor, director, producer (d. 1982)
- April 7 - Ravi Shankar, musician
- April 11 - Peter O'Donnell, creator of Modesty Blaise
- April 15 - Thomas Stephen Szasz, A professor of psychiatry, Writer of the book "The Myth of Mental Illness"
- April 13 - Liam Cosgrave, fifth Taoiseach of Ireland
- April 27 - Guido Cantelli, conductor (d. 1956)
- April 29 - Harold Shapero, composer
- May 2 - Jean-Marie Auberson, Swiss conductor (d. 2004)
- May 6 - Ross Hunter, producer (d. 1996)
- May 6 - Kamisese Mara, first Prime Minister of Fiji (d. 2004)
- May 9 - Richard Adams, author
- May 18 - Karol Wojtyla, future pope John Paul II
- May 18 - Lucia Mannucci, Italian singer (Quartetto Cetra)
- May 23 - Helen O'Connell, singer (d. 1993)
- May 26 - Peggy Lee, singer (d. 2002)
- May 30 - Franklin Schaffner, film director (d. 1989)
- June 12 - Dave Berg, cartoonist for Mad Magazine (d. 2002)
- July 20 - Juan Antonio Samaranch, Spanish sports official and IOC president
- August 8 - Leo Chiosso, Italian lyricist
- August 16 - Charles Bukowski, US writer (d. 1994)
- August 22 - Ray Bradbury, US science fiction writer
- August 29 - Charlie Parker, jazz musician (d. 1955)
- September 10 - Fabio Taglioni, automotive engineer (d. 2001)
- September 22 - William H. Riker, political scientist (d. 1993)
- October 1 - Walter Matthau, US actor (d. 2000)
- October 1 - Charles Daudelin, Canadian sculptor (d. 2001)
- October 9 - [[Jens Bj�rneboe]], Norwegian author (d. 1976)
- October 15 - Mario Puzo, author (The Godfather) (d. 1999)
- October 31 - Fritz Walter, football player (d. 2002)
- November 21 - Stan Musial, Baseball Hall of Famer
- November 25 - Tuanku Syed Putra ibni Almarhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail, later Raja of Perlis and 3rd Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (d. 2000)
- December 6 - Dave Brubeck, jazz musician
Deaths
- January 7 - Edmund Barton, first Prime Minister of Australia
- January 7 - Kolcak, Russian White general (executed)
- January 24 - Amedeo Modigliani, painter, sculptor
- January 26 � [[Jeanne H�buterne]], painter, partner of Modigliani
- February 15 - Joseph Burton Sumner, founder and first mayor of Sumner, Mississippi, USA
- February 20 - Robert Peary, explorer
- March 1 - John H. Bankhead, United States Senator (b. 1842)
- March 1 - Joseph Trumpeldor, early Zionist activist (b. 1880)
- March 11 - Julio Garavito Armero, Colombian astronomer (b. 1865)
- March 20 - Paul Bachmann, mathematician
- April 20 - Tony Jackson, jazz musician (b. 1876)
- May 9 - Susan Agnes Bernard-Macdonald, First Lady of Canada
- May 11 - William Dean Howells, writer (b. 1837)
- May 30 - George Ernest Morrison, Australian adventurer, journalist
- June 14 - Max Weber father of the science of sociology
- July 10 - Jackie Fisher, First Sea Lord (b. 1841)
- July 22 - William Kissam Vanderbilt, railway magnate
- August 1 - Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian political activist
- October 20 - Max Bruch, composer
- October 24 - Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, (The Dowager Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha), only daughter of Emperor Alexander II of Russia
Nobel Prizes
- Physics - Charles Edouard Guillaume
- Chemistry - Walther Nernst
- Medicine - Schack August Steenberg Krogh
- Literature - Knut Hamsun
- Peace - Léon Victor Auguste Bourgeoisaf:1920
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